1	Hardware Basics: Peripherals
2	Chapter Outline
3	Input: From Person to Processor
4	The Omnipresent Keyboard
5	The Omnipresent Keyboard
6	Pointing Devices
7	Reading Tools Optical-mark readers
8	Digitizing the Real World
9	Scanners
10	Video Digitizers
11	Digital Cameras
12	Audio Digitizers Audio digitizers contain circuitry to digitize sounds from microphones and other audio devices.
13	Output: From Pulses to People
14	Screen Output Video Monitor Also called Video Display Terminal (VDT) Image exists in video memory—VRAM Monitor size is measured diagonally across the screen
15	Pixels Images are made up of dots called pixels for picture elements
16	Color Depth (Pixel Depth) The amount of information per pixel is known as the color depth Monochrome (1 bit of information per pixel) Gray-scale (8 bits of information per pixel) Color (8 or 16 bits of information per pixel) True color (24 or 32 bits of information per pixel)
17	Examples of Color Depth
18	Classes of Monitors
19	CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) A CRT is a television-style monitor featuring:
20	LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) LCDs are flat-panel monitors Features include: Lighter weight More compact More expensive Dominate the portable computer market
21	Paper Output Paper output is sometimes called hard copy
22	Impact Printers Line printers Used by mainframes for massive jobs Limited characters available
23	Nonimpact Printers Laser printers Image transferred to paper with laser beam Faster and more expensive than dot-matrix High-resolution hard copy
24	Other Nonimpact Printers Ink-jet Dots of ink are sprayed onto the paper to form the image High-resolution hard copy Some models print can print color photographs
25	Rules of Thumb: Ergonomics and Health Choose equipment that’s ergonomically designed Create a healthy workspace Build flexibility into your work environment Rest your eyes Stretch tight muscles
26	Output You Can Hear Synthesizers can be used to generate music and sounds Many computers have synthesizers Sound cards have built-in synthesizers
27	Controlling Other Machines Output devices turn bit patterns into non-digital movements
28	Storage Devices: Input Meets Output Peripherals with both input and output functions provide semi-permanent storage for data
29	Optical Disks Optical disks use laser beams rather than magnets to read and write information
30	Alternatives Flash memory Compact alternative No moving parts May eventually replace disk and tape storage
31	Ports and Slots…again The system board (motherboard) includes several ports: Serial Port for attaching devices that send/receive messages one bit at a time (modems) Parallel Port for attaching devices that send/receive bits in groups (printers) Keyboard/Mouse Port
32	Ports and Slots…again Other ports that are generally included on expansion boards instead of the system board: Video Port used to plug in a color monitor into the video board Microphone, speaker, headphone, MIDI ports used to attach sound equipment SCSI port allows several peripherals to be strung together and attached to a single port
33	Internal and External Drives Hard drive CD or DVD Floppy disk Zip Drive SCSI port
34	Expansion Made Easy USB and Firewire ports allow multiple devices to be connected to the same port and to be hot swapped: USB (Universal Serial Bus) transmits a hundred times faster than a PC serial port Firewire (IEEE 1394) can move data between devices at 400 or more megabits per second
35	Putting It All Together: Networks Networks blur the boundaries between computers Networks can include hundreds of different computers Can span the globe by using satellites and fiber optic cables
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